---
title: "NAD⁺ — Evidence & Citations | Magellan"
description: "Natural sources, dosing and cited research for NAD⁺."
url: "https://magellanlongevity.com/m/nad.md"
canonical: "https://magellanlongevity.com/m/nad.html"
html: "https://magellanlongevity.com/m/nad.html"
type: "molecule"
slug: "nad"
citations: 0
updated: 2026-08-11
author: "Gabriel Radu, DO"
author_credentials: "Physiatrist (PM&R). NY medical license 275110. NPI 1376861765."
publisher: "Magellan Longevity"
content_format: "markdown"
---

# NAD⁺

[Home](https://magellanlongevity.com/) › Molecules › NAD⁺

**HTML version:** https://magellanlongevity.com/m/nad.html · **In the Magellan app:** https://magellanlongevity.com/#/search/NAD%E2%81%BA

## Where it comes from without a bottle

Food, exercise and behaviour routes to the same pathway, each with its citation.

| Natural source | How it works | Citation |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Endurance exercise | Exercise activates the same SIRT1–NAD⁺ pathway that NAD⁺ boosters target. | Cell 2018 [PMID 29570999](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29570999/) |
| Dietary restriction / fasting | Fasting and calorie restriction modulate NAD⁺ alongside AMPK, mTOR and sirtuins. | Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2021 [PMID 34518687](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34518687/) |
| NAD⁺-precursor foods (milk, fish, mushrooms) | Dietary NAD⁺ precursors (e.g. nicotinamide riboside in milk) raise the muscle NAD⁺ metabolome in older adults. | Cell Reports 2019 [PMID 31412242](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31412242/) |

### What those papers actually say

1. **Endurance exercise**
   Cell 2018 · [PMID 29570999](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29570999/) · [DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2018.02.008](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2018.02.008)

   > NAD precursors reverse aspects of aging, in part, by activating sirtuin deacylases (SIRT1–SIRT7) that mediate the benefits of exercise and dietary restriction.

2. **Dietary restriction / fasting**
   Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2021 · [PMID 34518687](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34518687/) · [DOI 10.1038/s41580-021-00411-4](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41580-021-00411-4)

   > different forms of fasting, protein restriction... selectively impact the activity of AKT, FOXO, mTOR, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK).

3. **NAD⁺-precursor foods (milk, fish, mushrooms)**
   Cell Reports 2019 · [PMID 31412242](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31412242/) · [DOI 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.07.043](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2019.07.043)

   > oral NR supplementation in aged participants can increase the skeletal muscle NAD metabolome... NR also depressed levels of circulating inflammatory cytokines.

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## Related on Magellan Longevity

- [Evidence-based longevity supplements](https://magellanlongevity.com/longevity-supplements.md)
- [Longevity research map](https://magellanlongevity.com/longevity-research-map.html)
- [Pathway universe](https://magellanlongevity.com/pathway-universe.html)

## Scope and disclosures

Educational information, not medical advice. Nothing here is intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Talk to your physician before starting any supplement or device, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or taking medication.

Editorial firewall: evidence grades are assigned from the published research and are independent of any affiliate commission. As an Amazon Associate, Magellan Longevity earns from qualifying purchases.

Reviewed for accuracy by a board-certified physician (DO).