--- title: "Impact of Cardiorespiratory Fitness on All-Cause and…" description: "Higher cardiorespiratory fitness is strongly linked to a lower risk of death from all causes and specific diseases." url: "https://magellanlongevity.com/study/d28286137.md" canonical: "https://magellanlongevity.com/study/d28286137.html" html: "https://magellanlongevity.com/study/d28286137.html" type: "study" study_key: "d28286137" journal: "Prog Cardiovasc Dis" year: 2017 pmid: "28286137" doi: "10.1016/j.pcad.2017.03.001" citations: 1 updated: 2026-09-02 author: "Gabriel Radu, DO" author_credentials: "Physiatrist (PM&R). NY medical license 275110. NPI 1376861765." publisher: "Magellan Longevity" content_format: "markdown" --- # Impact of Cardiorespiratory Fitness on All-Cause and Disease-Specific Mortality [Home](https://magellanlongevity.com/) › [Research map](https://magellanlongevity.com/longevity-research-map.html) › Impact of Cardiorespiratory Fitness on All-Cause and… **HTML version:** https://magellanlongevity.com/study/d28286137.html · **In the Magellan app:** https://magellanlongevity.com/#/study/d28286137 ## Citation | Field | Value | | --- | --- | | Journal | Prog Cardiovasc Dis | | Year | 2017 | | PMID | [28286137](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28286137/) | | DOI | [10.1016/j.pcad.2017.03.001](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2017.03.001) | | Study key | d28286137 | ## Takeaway Higher cardiorespiratory fitness is strongly linked to a lower risk of death from all causes and specific diseases. ## The question What is the impact of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) on all-cause and disease-specific mortality? ## Hypothesis The hypothesis is that cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is inversely related to all-cause and disease-specific mortality. ## Methods This is a review article that synthesizes evidence regarding cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and mortality, focusing on advances since 2009. It examines studies that used various methods to assess CRF, including directly measured maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), estimated exercise tests, and non-exercise prediction equations. ## Results Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has consistently emerged as a strong, independent predictor of all-cause and disease-specific mortality over the past three decades. The inverse relationship between CRF and mortality has been observed despite variations in CRF assessment methods. ## Conclusion Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a powerful prognostic indicator for all-cause and disease-specific mortality. The American Heart Association advocates for its routine assessment as a clinical vital sign. ## Limitations The abstract does not explicitly state limitations of the review itself, but it notes that the evidence for CRF's prognostic value exists despite a wide variation of methods used to assess CRF in the studies reviewed. ## Verbatim from the abstract > Cardiorespiratory fitness is a strong, independent predictor of all-cause and disease-specific mortality ## Where this study is used on Magellan This paper is one of the citations behind the evidence grade on the pages below. Grades are assigned from the published research and are independent of affiliate commissions. | Compound or device | Evidence grade | Graded pages | | --- | --- | --- | | Biometric Wearables (Sleep, HRV & Recovery) | Measurement tool | [Garmin Forerunner 265](https://magellanlongevity.com/p/65.md), [Oura Ring Gen 4](https://magellanlongevity.com/p/61.md), [Apple Watch Series 11](https://magellanlongevity.com/p/63.md) | ## Reference 1. **Impact of Cardiorespiratory Fitness on All-Cause and Disease-Specific Mortality** Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2017 · [PMID 28286137](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28286137/) · [DOI 10.1016/j.pcad.2017.03.001](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2017.03.001) > Cardiorespiratory fitness is a strong, independent predictor of all-cause and disease-specific mortality ## Structured data ```json {"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"MedicalWebPage","@id":"https://magellanlongevity.com/study/d28286137.html#page","url":"https://magellanlongevity.com/study/d28286137.html","name":"Impact of Cardiorespiratory Fitness on All-Cause and Disease-Specific Mortality","description":"Higher cardiorespiratory fitness is strongly linked to a lower risk of death from all causes and specific diseases.","inLanguage":"en","isPartOf":{"@type":"WebSite","name":"Magellan Longevity","url":"https://magellanlongevity.com/"},"author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Gabriel Radu, DO","jobTitle":"Physiatrist (PM&R)","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","name":"NPI","value":"1376861765"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","name":"NY medical license","value":"275110"}]},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Magellan Longevity","url":"https://magellanlongevity.com/"},"encoding":{"@type":"MediaObject","encodingFormat":"text/markdown","contentUrl":"https://magellanlongevity.com/study/d28286137.md"},"dateModified":"2026-09-02"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://magellanlongevity.com/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Research map","item":"https://magellanlongevity.com/longevity-research-map.html"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Impact of Cardiorespiratory Fitness on All-Cause and…","item":"https://magellanlongevity.com/study/d28286137.html"}]},{"@type":"ScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://magellanlongevity.com/study/d28286137.html#study","name":"Impact of Cardiorespiratory Fitness on All-Cause and Disease-Specific Mortality","headline":"Impact of Cardiorespiratory Fitness on All-Cause and Disease-Specific Mortality","datePublished":"2017","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},"identifier":"PMID:28286137","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28286137/","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2017.03.001","abstract":"Higher cardiorespiratory fitness is strongly linked to a lower risk of death from all causes and specific diseases."}]} ``` ## Related on Magellan Longevity - [Garmin Forerunner 265](https://magellanlongevity.com/p/65.md) — product graded on this and related evidence - [Oura Ring Gen 4](https://magellanlongevity.com/p/61.md) — product graded on this and related evidence - [Apple Watch Series 11](https://magellanlongevity.com/p/63.md) — product graded on this and related evidence - [WHOOP Band 5.0](https://magellanlongevity.com/p/62.md) — product graded on this and related evidence - [The impact of visit-to-visit heart rate variability on all-cause mortality](https://magellanlongevity.com/study/hrv.md) - [Sleep duration and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.](https://magellanlongevity.com/study/sleep_mortality.md) - [Heart Rate Variability and Risk of All-Cause Death and Cardiovascular Events in Patients…](https://magellanlongevity.com/study/x13.md) - [Long-term Change in Cardiorespiratory Fitness and All-Cause Mortality: A…](https://magellanlongevity.com/study/d27444976.md) - [Longevity research map](https://magellanlongevity.com/longevity-research-map.html) ## Scope and disclosures Educational information, not medical advice. Nothing here is intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Talk to your physician before starting any supplement or device, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or taking medication. Editorial firewall: evidence grades are assigned from the published research and are independent of any affiliate commission. As an Amazon Associate, Magellan Longevity earns from qualifying purchases. Reviewed for accuracy by a board-certified physician (DO).