The six movements and the balance set
Everything uses a chair, a step, a wall and something heavy from the kitchen. Learn the easiest level with perfect form first; earn each level up.
Equipment
- A sturdy chair without arms (and one with arms for the TUG test).
- The bottom stair with a rail, or a sturdy step.
- Two gallon water jugs or a backpack with books — your first weights.
- Optional: a resistance band with a door anchor; a pair of dumbbells later.
- A counter or heavy chair back for balance work; a hallway of 4 meters for the walking test.
Strength — six movements
Two sessions a week, at least a day apart. Do all six each session. Sets and effort by stage are on the plan page. Demonstrations are from Dr. Radu's own exercise library.
Sit-to-stand Squat
Thighs, hips
Cue: Feet under knees, lean forward from the hips, push the floor away, stand tall; sit back down slowly with control.
Levels (easiest first)- Hands on thighs or chair arms to help
- Arms crossed, no hands
- Three-second lower, one-second pause at the bottom
- Hold a backpack, water jug or dumbbell at the chest
- Lower chair or cushion removed; one leg doing most of the work with support
Chair version: Partial stands: rise a few inches off the seat and sit back, hands on the seat; progress to a full stand with hands.
Hip hinge Hinge
Back of hips and thighs, lower back
Cue: Soft knees, hands sliding down the thighs, push the hips back like closing a drawer with them; back stays long; return by squeezing the buttocks.
Levels (easiest first)- Hands on a chair back, small hinge
- Unsupported hinge to hand-on-knees depth
- Hinge holding a jug or backpack in front of the thighs
- Slow three-second hinge with a heavier load
- Single-leg reach hinge with fingertips on a counter
Chair version: Seated hinge: sit tall, hinge forward from the hips with a long back, return by squeezing the buttocks.
Step-up Step / split stance
Thighs, hips, calves — one leg at a time
Cue: Whole foot on the step, drive through the heel, stand fully tall on top, lower slowly under control.
Levels (easiest first)- Bottom stair with the rail, alternate legs
- Bottom stair, fingertips only
- Higher step (two stairs or a sturdy box)
- Step-up with a backpack or jugs
- Split squat: one foot forward, one back, lower straight down
Chair version: Seated marching with a tall spine; progress to standing marches holding the counter.
Push Push
Chest, shoulders, arms
Cue: Body in one straight line, elbows at about 45 degrees, lower until the chest nearly touches, push away fully.
Levels (easiest first)- Wall push-up
- Counter or table push-up
- Knee push-up on the floor
- Full floor push-up
- Overhead press with jugs or dumbbells, or push-ups with feet raised
Chair version: Seated press: push a water bottle or light weight straight up from the shoulders; wall push standing close to the wall.
Pull Pull
Upper back, shoulders, arms
Cue: Shoulders down and back, pull the elbows past the ribs, squeeze between the shoulder blades, return slowly.
Levels (easiest first)- Light band row (band around a door handle or post)
- Heavier band, or slower three-second return
- Single-arm row with a jug, hand on a chair
- Heavier jug or dumbbell row
- Towel row leaning back from a door frame, or a suspension trainer
Chair version: Seated band row: band around the feet, pull the elbows back; or a towel isometric pull with a partner or a doorknob.
Heel raise & carry Calf / carry
Calves, grip, core, hips
Cue: Rise onto the balls of the feet, pause at the top, lower slowly; for carries, stand tall and walk normally with the weight at your sides.
Levels (easiest first)- Two-leg heel raise holding a counter
- Two-leg heel raise, no hands
- Single-leg heel raise with support
- Farmer's carry: walk 30–60 seconds with a jug in each hand
- Single-leg heel raises plus heavier carries
Chair version: Seated heel and toe raises; progress to standing heel raises holding the counter.
Balance — the daily set
Five to ten minutes every day at your current level, next to a counter. From week 5, three sessions a week are longer (15–20 minutes): do every exercise twice.
Single-leg stand Balance
Ankles, hips, the balance system
Cue: Lift one foot a few inches. Hold up to 30 seconds each side.
Levels (easiest first)- Both hands on the counter
- Fingertips
- Hands off, arms crossed
- Head turns; eyes closed only with the counter in reach
Chair track
For anyone who cannot stand up from a chair five times without using their hands, cannot stand unsupported for a minute, uses a walker indoors, or was told to start gently.
- Strength twice a week using the chair versions of the six moves (seated marches, partial stands with hands, seated hinge, seated press, seated band row, seated heel and toe raises).
- Balance every day at level 1 — both hands on the counter — starting with weight shifts, toe raises and heel raises; add tandem stand when steady.
- Walking indoors with support, three times a day for two to five minutes; add a minute a week.
- Graduate to the standard track when you can do five sit-to-stands without hands and stand unsupported for one minute.
Form matters more than level. If a movement hurts in a joint (not a working muscle), drop a level; if it still hurts, leave it out this week and ask your clinician or a physical therapist.