What is the effect of magnesium supplementation on blood pressure in both hypertensive and normotensive populations?
Magnesium Glycinate, a systematic review and meta-analysis in 2709 participants (Hypertension 2025, PMID 41000008) — however, the high heterogeneity across studies suggests that these effects should be interpreted with caution. Magnesium supplementation has a beneficial effect on reducing blood pressure, particularly in populations with hypertension and hypomagnesemia.
Source: Hypertension 2025, PMID 41000008 ↗ · Research map · How Magellan grades evidence · evidence confidence: low
Hypertension · 2025 · PMID 41000008 · DOI 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.125.25129
Magnesium supplementation can help lower blood pressure, especially in people with high blood pressure or low magnesium levels, but more research is needed due to study variability.
The question
What is the effect of magnesium supplementation on blood pressure in both hypertensive and normotensive populations?
What they tested
The study aimed to explore the relationship between magnesium supplementation and blood pressure.
How they did it
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 38 randomized controlled trials, involving 2709 participants, was conducted. Studies had a duration of at least 4 weeks, with elemental magnesium doses ranging from 82.3 mg to 637 mg (median 365 mg) and a median intervention period of 12 weeks. Mean differences of changes in blood pressure were calculated using a random effects meta-analysis, and a cubic spline regression model was used for dose-response analysis.
What they found
Magnesium supplementation reduced systolic blood pressure by -2.81 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure by -2.05 mm Hg overall. Greater reductions in systolic blood pressure were observed in hypertensive individuals on BP-lowering medication (-7.68 mm Hg) and individuals with hypomagnesemia (-5.97 mm Hg). Diastolic blood pressure also saw greater reductions in these groups (-2.96 mm Hg and -4.75 mm Hg, respectively). No statistically significant effect was found in normotensive groups, and no dose-response relationship was identified.
| Overall Systolic BP Reduction | -2.81 | |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Diastolic BP Reduction | -2.05 | |
| Hypertensive Systolic BP Reduction | -7.68 | |
| Hypertensive Diastolic BP Reduction | -2.96 | |
| Hypomagnesemia Systolic BP Reduction | -5.97 | |
| Hypomagnesemia Diastolic BP Reduction | -4.75 |
Mean reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) across different populations with magnesium supplementation.
What it means
Magnesium supplementation has a beneficial effect on reducing blood pressure, particularly in populations with hypertension and hypomagnesemia. However, the high heterogeneity across studies suggests that these effects should be interpreted with caution.
Limitations
The study identified high heterogeneity across the included trials. Further larger, well-designed studies are needed to assess higher magnesium doses and refine the dose-response relationship, as well as to identify optimal supplementation strategies for specific subpopulations.
The paper at a glance
| Title | Magnesium Supplementation and Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials |
|---|---|
| Journal | Hypertension |
| Year | 2025 |
| PMID | 41000008 ↗ |
| DOI | 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.125.25129 ↗ |
| Topic | Cardiovascular & vascular aging |
Read the source: PubMed record (authors, abstract, full citation) ↗ · Publisher via doi.org ↗
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Magnesium Glycinate
Pooled analyses of randomized trials indicate oral magnesium lowers blood pressure by a small amount—about 2 mmHg in a 34-trial analysis—with larger reductions in people who are hypertensive, magnesium-deficient, or insulin-resistant, and generally no significant effect in normotensive individuals.
Magnesium is an essential dietary mineral and the second most abundant intracellular cation, serving as…
Research describes the compound or intervention studied. It is not a claim about any specific product.
Molecules & mechanisms in this paper
Each of these is named in the paper’s own words above. Open the monograph for the full mechanism and its other citations.
Cite this page
These citations point at this summary. To cite the original paper with its full author list, use the PubMed record or doi.org.
Magellan Longevity. (2026). What is the effect of magnesium supplementation on blood pressure in both hypertensive and normotensive populations? [Plain-English summary of Hypertension 2025, PMID 41000008, DOI 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.125.25129]. Magellan Longevity. https://magellanlongevity.com/study/d41000008.html@misc{magellan_d41000008,
title = {What is the effect of magnesium supplementation on blood pressure in both hypertensive and normotensive populations?},
author = {{Magellan Longevity}},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {\url{https://magellanlongevity.com/study/d41000008.html}},
note = {Plain-English summary of PubMed PMID 41000008; DOI 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.125.25129; Hypertension 2025. Reviewed by Gabriel Radu, DO},
urldate = {2026-08-11}
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